anastomotic leak
A serious complication where a surgical connection between two hollow organs breaks down, allowing contents to leak into the surrounding tissues.
Full Definition
An anastomotic leak is one of the most feared complications in surgical critical care, occurring when a surgically created connection (anastomosis) between hollow organs fails to heal properly, resulting in leakage of intestinal contents, urine, or other fluids into the surrounding tissues or body cavities. This complication can lead to peritonitis, sepsis, abscess formation, and multi-organ failure. Risk factors include poor tissue perfusion, malnutrition, steroid use, and technical factors. Early recognition through clinical signs, imaging, and laboratory markers is crucial. Management may require conservative treatment with drainage, antibiotics, and nutritional support, or urgent surgical intervention for source control.
Usage
Usage note: Use 'anastomotic leak' rather than 'anastomotic leakage' in formal documentation.
In Context
- "CT imaging revealed an anastomotic leak with associated abscess formation." — Radiology report
- "The patient developed signs of anastomotic leak on post-operative day 3, requiring urgent exploration." — Emergency consultation note