paraneoplastic syndrome
Pronunciation: /ˌpærəniːoʊˈplæstɪk/
Clinical manifestations caused by tumor-secreted substances rather than direct tumor effects.
Full Definition
Paraneoplastic syndromes are clinical manifestations that occur as a result of cancer but are not directly caused by the physical presence of tumor cells. These syndromes result from substances secreted by tumors, including hormones, cytokines, and other bioactive molecules that affect distant organs and systems. Common examples include hypercalcemia of malignancy, syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (SIADH), and various neurologic syndromes. Paraneoplastic syndromes may be the first sign of cancer, can significantly impact patient quality of life, and sometimes resolve after successful tumor treatment. Recognition of these syndromes is important for diagnosis, staging, and treatment planning.
Usage
Usage note: Specify the type of paraneoplastic syndrome and its relationship to the underlying malignancy.
In Context
- "The patient presented with paraneoplastic syndrome manifesting as severe hypercalcemia." — Emergency department note
- "Resolution of the paraneoplastic syndrome confirmed successful tumor treatment." — Follow-up assessment