intraosseous access
Pronunciation: in-trah-OSS-ee-us
Also written as: IO — intraosseous
Emergency vascular access technique involving insertion of a needle through bone cortex into the medullary cavity.
Full Definition
A rapid vascular access method used when peripheral or central venous access cannot be quickly established, involving insertion of a specialized needle through the bone cortex into the medullary space. Common sites include the proximal tibia, distal tibia, and humerus. The medullary cavity provides access to the central circulation for fluid resuscitation and medication administration. This technique is particularly valuable in trauma patients with circulatory collapse, pediatric patients, or when peripheral access is difficult due to edema or burns.
Usage
Usage note: IO is widely accepted abbreviation; specify anatomical site of insertion.
In Context
- "Intraosseous access was established in the proximal tibia for immediate fluid resuscitation." — Emergency department procedure note
- "The IO device provided reliable access for medication administration during the resuscitation." — Critical care documentation