restenosis
The re-narrowing of a blood vessel following interventional treatment such as angioplasty or stenting.
Full Definition
Restenosis refers to the pathological process of vessel re-narrowing that occurs after successful percutaneous intervention, typically defined as >50% diameter stenosis at follow-up. The mechanism involves neointimal hyperplasia, where smooth muscle cells proliferate and migrate into the vessel lumen in response to arterial injury. Clinical restenosis presents as recurrent symptoms and may require repeat intervention. Risk factors include diabetes, vessel size, lesion length, and procedural factors. Drug-eluting stents and drug-coated balloons have significantly reduced restenosis rates compared to plain balloon angioplasty or bare metal stents.
Usage
Usage note: Specify whether restenosis is in-stent, at the stent edge, or in a previously treated vessel segment.
In Context
- "The patient developed in-stent restenosis six months after the index procedure." — Follow-up report
- "Binary restenosis rates were significantly lower in the drug-eluting stent group." — Clinical trial publication