Cavitation
nounPronunciation: /ˌkævɪˈteɪʃən/
The formation of air-filled gaps in xylem vessels that breaks the water column and interrupts water transport under extreme water stress. This process occurs when water tension exceeds the plant's hydraulic capacity.
Plain English
Air bubbles form in plant water-conducting tubes, blocking water movement during severe droughts.
Etymology & History
Usage
"Cavitation in tree xylem during the summer drought caused widespread branch dieback."
Style guide notes: Cavitation is preferred over 'xylem embolism' in modern drought physiology literature.
Also known as
Contrasted with
Related Terms
Frequently Asked Questions
What causes cavitation in plants?
Extreme water stress increases xylem tension, causing dissolved gases to form bubbles that break water columns.
Is cavitation reversible in plants?
Some plants can refill cavitated vessels through root pressure, but many experience permanent hydraulic failure.
Why Test Candidates on This?
Critical in plant water relations and drought tolerance assessments for tree species.
Required skill level: Mid