Cavitation embolism
nounPronunciation: /kævɪˈteɪʃən ˈembəˌlɪzəm/
The formation of air-filled bubbles (emboli) within plant xylem vessels that disrupts water column continuity and blocks hydraulic conductivity. This phenomenon occurs when water tension exceeds the capacity of the xylem conduit, resulting in air entry through pit membranes.
Plain English
The breaking of water columns in plant vessels by air bubbles that stops water transport.
Etymology & History
Usage
"Cavitation embolism represents a critical limitation to water transport during severe drought stress in woody plants."
Style guide notes: Distinguish between cavitation occurrence and embolism consequences in drought stress discussions.
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Frequently Asked Questions
When does cavitation typically occur in plants?
Cavitation occurs during drought when water tension exceeds threshold values, causing air entry through damaged xylem pit membranes.
Can plants recover from cavitation embolism?
Some species utilize refilling mechanisms and xylem repair processes, though recovery is incomplete and energy-intensive under sustained stress.
Why Test Candidates on This?
Cavitation embolism assessment is essential for understanding drought-induced hydraulic failure mechanisms in plant physiology.
Required skill level: Senior