Reactive oxygen species (ROS) burst
nounPronunciation: /riˈæktɪv ˈɒksɪdʒən ˈspiːʃiːz bɜːst/
A rapid, localized increase in production of highly reactive oxygen molecules (superoxide, hydrogen peroxide, hydroxyl radicals) typically triggered by pathogenic infection, drought, or cold stress. ROS bursts serve dual roles as stress signals and antimicrobial defense mechanisms, though excessive accumulation causes oxidative damage.
Plain English
A sudden spike in toxic oxygen molecules produced by stressed plant cells as both a warning signal and defense response.
Etymology & History
Usage
"The ROS burst detected within minutes of pathogen inoculation triggered the plant's hypersensitive defense response."
Style guide notes: Use 'ROS burst' for acute events; 'ROS accumulation' for sustained increases.
Also known as
Contrasted with
Related Terms
Frequently Asked Questions
What stress conditions trigger ROS bursts in plants?
Pathogen attack, drought, freezing, heat, and wounding all trigger ROS bursts within minutes.
Are ROS bursts beneficial or harmful to plants?
Both: they signal danger and kill pathogens, but excessive ROS damages plant cells if not controlled.
Why Test Candidates on This?
Fundamental concept in stress physiology and plant immunity; heavily tested in research and clinical contexts.
Required skill level: Mid