cricothyrotomy
Pronunciation: KRY-koh-thy-ROT-oh-mee
An emergency surgical airway procedure involving an incision through the cricothyroid membrane to establish ventilation.
Full Definition
Cricothyrotomy is an emergency airway management technique performed when standard intubation methods have failed and immediate airway access is required. The procedure involves making an incision through the skin and cricothyroid membrane, the space between the thyroid and cricoid cartilages. A tube or cannula is then inserted to allow ventilation. This technique is part of the 'can't intubate, can't ventilate' algorithm and is considered a life-saving intervention in acute airway emergencies. Two main techniques exist: surgical cricothyrotomy using a scalpel and tube insertion, and needle cricothyrotomy using a large-bore cannula. The procedure is temporary and should be converted to a formal tracheostomy when conditions allow.
Usage
Usage note: Commonly abbreviated as 'cric' in emergency settings. Distinguish from tracheostomy, which is a more formal, planned procedure.
In Context
- "Unable to secure the airway through conventional means, the surgeon performed an emergency cricothyrotomy." — Operative report
- "Cricothyrotomy is indicated when oral and nasal intubation attempts have failed in a patient requiring immediate airway control." — Emergency medicine protocol