cross-tolerance
A phenomenon where tolerance to one substance reduces sensitivity to another substance with similar pharmacological effects.
Full Definition
Cross-tolerance occurs when an individual who has developed tolerance to one substance also shows reduced sensitivity to other substances that act on similar neurochemical pathways or receptor systems. This is particularly relevant in addiction medicine because clients may need higher doses of medications that work on the same receptors as their substance of abuse. For example, individuals with alcohol tolerance often show cross-tolerance to benzodiazepines, barbiturates, and other GABAergic substances. Understanding cross-tolerance is crucial for safe medication prescribing, withdrawal management, and explaining why some clients may not respond to standard medication doses.
Usage
Usage note: Hyphenate 'cross-tolerance' to distinguish from 'tolerance' and avoid confusion with 'cross-addiction'.
In Context
- "Due to cross-tolerance from chronic alcohol use, the client required higher benzodiazepine doses for withdrawal management." — Medical evaluation
- "The psychiatrist considered cross-tolerance when prescribing sedatives for the client with a history of barbiturate abuse." — Medication consultation