withdrawal syndrome
Characteristic set of symptoms occurring when substance use is discontinued or reduced after prolonged use.
Full Definition
Withdrawal syndrome refers to the predictable constellation of physiological and psychological symptoms that occur when a person stops or significantly reduces the use of a substance after a period of regular use. Symptoms vary by substance but may include anxiety, agitation, tremors, sweating, nausea, insomnia, and in severe cases, seizures or delirium. The severity and duration of withdrawal depend on factors such as the substance used, duration of use, amount used, and individual physiology. Some withdrawal syndromes can be life-threatening and require medical management.
Usage
Usage note: Distinguish from 'tolerance' (need for increased amounts) and 'dependence' (broader pattern of use); withdrawal is specifically about cessation symptoms.
In Context
- "The patient exhibited severe alcohol withdrawal syndrome requiring ICU-level monitoring." — medical chart note
- "Benzodiazepine withdrawal syndrome can be protracted, lasting weeks to months after discontinuation." — clinical guideline