Dressler syndrome
Post-myocardial infarction pericarditis occurring weeks to months after acute MI due to autoimmune response to myocardial antigens.
Full Definition
Dressler syndrome, also known as post-myocardial infarction syndrome, is a delayed complication of acute myocardial infarction characterized by pericarditis, pleuritis, and sometimes pneumonitis occurring weeks to months after the initial cardiac event. The syndrome is thought to result from an autoimmune response to myocardial antigens released during the initial infarction, leading to inflammation of the pericardium and surrounding structures. Clinical presentation typically includes chest pain that is pleuritic in nature, fever, and sometimes pericardial friction rub. While historically more common, the incidence has decreased significantly in the era of early reperfusion therapy for acute MI. Treatment is primarily anti-inflammatory with NSAIDs or colchicine, and corticosteroids may be used in severe cases. The syndrome can recur and may lead to complications such as pericardial effusion or constrictive pericarditis.
Usage
Usage note: Rare in the modern era of primary PCI but should be considered in patients with delayed post-MI chest pain.
In Context
- "Six weeks post-MI, the patient developed chest pain and fever consistent with Dressler syndrome." — Cardiology follow-up note
- "Echocardiography showed a small pericardial effusion in this patient with suspected Dressler syndrome." — Emergency department evaluation