Stress-induced cardiomyopathy
Acute, reversible cardiomyopathy triggered by emotional or physical stress, characterized by transient left ventricular dysfunction typically affecting the apex.
Full Definition
Stress-induced cardiomyopathy, also known as takotsubo cardiomyopathy or broken heart syndrome, is an acute but typically reversible form of cardiomyopathy triggered by intense emotional or physical stress. The condition predominantly affects postmenopausal women and is characterized by transient regional wall motion abnormalities, most commonly apical ballooning that creates a distinctive shape resembling a Japanese octopus trap (takotsubo). The exact pathophysiology involves catecholamine surge leading to myocardial stunning. Unlike myocardial infarction, coronary angiography typically shows normal or minimally diseased coronary arteries. Most patients recover completely within weeks to months.
Usage
Usage note: Use 'stress-induced cardiomyopathy' as the primary term; note relationship to takotsubo cardiomyopathy.
In Context
- "The patient developed stress-induced cardiomyopathy following the sudden death of her spouse." — Emergency department evaluation
- "Echocardiography demonstrated the characteristic apical ballooning pattern of stress-induced cardiomyopathy." — Imaging report interpretation