contrast nephropathy
Also written as: CIN — Contrast-Induced Nephropathy
Acute kidney injury resulting from exposure to iodinated contrast media during angiographic procedures.
Full Definition
Contrast nephropathy, also termed contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) or contrast-associated acute kidney injury, represents a serious complication following exposure to iodinated contrast agents used in angiographic imaging. The condition is characterized by an acute decline in renal function, typically defined as a serum creatinine increase of 25% or 0.5 mg/dL within 48-72 hours post-contrast exposure. Risk factors include pre-existing chronic kidney disease, diabetes mellitus, dehydration, advanced age, and high contrast volumes. Prevention strategies include pre-procedural hydration, use of low-osmolar contrast agents, minimizing contrast volume, and consideration of alternative imaging modalities in high-risk patients.
Usage
Usage note: Distinguish from other forms of acute kidney injury and specify prevention measures taken in procedural documentation.
In Context
- "Pre-procedural risk assessment identified the patient as high-risk for contrast nephropathy." — Pre-procedure consultation
- "Post-procedure creatinine monitoring was ordered to screen for contrast nephropathy." — Discharge planning