vasospasm
Sudden constriction of blood vessel muscles causing temporary narrowing and reduced blood flow.
Full Definition
Vasospasm is the acute, often transient constriction of smooth muscle within blood vessel walls, resulting in luminal narrowing and decreased perfusion to downstream tissues. This phenomenon can occur in various vascular beds and may be triggered by mechanical stimulation, pharmacological agents, metabolic factors, or pathological conditions. Cerebral vasospasm following subarachnoid hemorrhage is a well-recognized complication that can lead to delayed cerebral ischemia. Coronary vasospasm (Prinzmetal's angina) can cause chest pain and even myocardial infarction. Treatment typically involves calcium channel blockers, direct vasodilators, or removal of triggering factors. Understanding vasospasm is crucial for recognizing potentially reversible causes of ischemia.
Usage
Usage note: Can be used as both noun and verb (vasospastic).
In Context
- "Cerebral vasospasm was detected on transcranial Doppler examination following aneurysm rupture." — Neurocritical care report
- "Coronary vasospasm was suspected based on the pattern of ST-segment changes during chest pain episodes." — Cardiology evaluation