pacemaker syndrome
Clinical condition caused by loss of atrioventricular synchrony in patients with ventricular pacing, resulting in hemodynamic compromise.
Full Definition
Pacemaker syndrome is a constellation of symptoms and signs that occur in patients with ventricular pacemakers when atrioventricular synchrony is lost. The condition arises when the atria and ventricles contract independently or when atrial contraction occurs against closed atrioventricular valves during ventricular systole. This leads to decreased cardiac output, elevated atrial pressures, and symptoms including fatigue, dyspnea, dizziness, and pulsations in the neck or chest. The syndrome is most commonly seen with single-chamber ventricular pacing and can be prevented or treated by upgrading to dual-chamber pacing to restore AV synchrony.
Usage
Usage note: Distinguish from device malfunction; emphasize loss of AV synchrony as key mechanism.
In Context
- "The patient developed pacemaker syndrome three months after VVI pacemaker implantation, requiring upgrade to DDD pacing." — Device clinic note
- "Symptoms of pacemaker syndrome resolved completely following reprogramming to restore atrioventricular synchrony." — Electrophysiology report