pneumoperitoneum
Pronunciation: NEW-moh-pair-ih-toh-NEE-um
The intentional introduction of carbon dioxide gas into the peritoneal cavity to create working space for laparoscopic surgery.
Full Definition
Pneumoperitoneum is the presence of gas, typically carbon dioxide, in the peritoneal cavity. In laparoscopic bariatric surgery, pneumoperitoneum is deliberately created by insufflating CO2 through a trocar to distend the abdomen and separate organs, providing surgeons with adequate visualization and working space. The gas pressure is carefully monitored, usually maintained between 12-15 mmHg. CO2 is preferred because it is rapidly absorbed by tissues and eliminated through respiration, reducing the risk of gas embolism. Proper management of pneumoperitoneum is essential for patient safety and surgical success.
Usage
Usage note: Standard technique in laparoscopic procedures; distinguish from pathological pneumoperitoneum.
In Context
- "Pneumoperitoneum was established with CO2 insufflation to a pressure of 15 mmHg." — Operative report