cachexia
Pronunciation: kuh-KEK-see-uh
A complex metabolic syndrome characterized by severe weight loss and muscle wasting commonly seen in advanced cancer patients.
Full Definition
Cachexia is a multifactorial syndrome defined by ongoing loss of skeletal muscle mass that cannot be fully reversed by conventional nutritional support. In cancer patients, cachexia affects 50-80% of those with advanced disease and significantly impacts quality of life, treatment tolerance, and survival. The syndrome involves inflammatory mediators, metabolic alterations, and reduced food intake. Unlike simple starvation, cachexia involves both fat and muscle loss and is associated with insulin resistance and increased protein breakdown.
Usage
Usage note: Often preceded by 'cancer' to specify the underlying etiology in oncology contexts.
In Context
- "The patient developed severe cachexia with 20% weight loss over three months despite adequate caloric intake." — Clinical assessment
- "Cachexia management requires a multidisciplinary approach addressing both nutritional and inflammatory components." — Treatment guideline