colonoscopy
Pronunciation: koh-lon-OS-koh-pee
Endoscopic examination of the large intestine using a flexible tube with a camera to screen for colorectal cancer.
Full Definition
Colonoscopy is a diagnostic and screening procedure that involves inserting a long, flexible tube with a tiny camera (colonoscope) through the rectum to examine the entire large intestine (colon). It is considered the gold standard for colorectal cancer screening as it allows direct visualization of the colon lining and enables the removal of precancerous polyps during the procedure. The examination can detect early-stage cancers, adenomatous polyps, and other abnormalities throughout the colon and rectum.
Usage
Usage note: Distinguish from sigmoidoscopy (examines only the lower colon) and general endoscopy (any internal examination with a scope).
In Context
- "The patient underwent colonoscopy with polypectomy, removing three adenomatous polyps." — Procedure report
- "Screening colonoscopy is recommended every 10 years starting at age 50 for average-risk individuals." — Clinical guideline