transmitral gradient
The pressure difference across the mitral valve during diastolic filling, used to assess mitral stenosis severity and left heart filling dynamics.
Full Definition
The transmitral gradient represents the pressure differential between the left atrium and left ventricle during diastolic filling, measured in mmHg. Normal gradients are less than 5 mmHg, while mean gradients exceeding 10 mmHg suggest significant mitral stenosis. The gradient is influenced by heart rate, stroke volume, and mitral valve area. During cardiac anesthesia, transmitral gradients help assess diastolic function, guide fluid management, and evaluate mitral valve interventions. Echocardiographic measurement using continuous-wave Doppler of transmitral flow velocities allows calculation of mean and peak gradients through the modified Bernoulli equation.
Usage
Usage note: Specify peak or mean gradient; express in mmHg.
In Context
- "The transmitral gradient of 12 mmHg confirmed severe mitral stenosis requiring valve replacement." — Preoperative echocardiography
- "Post-repair TEE demonstrated resolution of the elevated transmitral gradient." — Operative report