contrast-induced nephropathy
Acute kidney injury occurring within 48-72 hours after iodinated contrast administration, defined by specific creatinine rise criteria.
Full Definition
Contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) is an iatrogenic acute kidney injury that occurs following exposure to iodinated contrast media, typically defined as an increase in serum creatinine of ≥0.5 mg/dL or ≥25% from baseline within 48-72 hours of contrast exposure. CIN represents the third leading cause of hospital-acquired acute renal failure and is associated with increased morbidity, mortality, and healthcare costs. Risk factors include pre-existing chronic kidney disease, diabetes mellitus, dehydration, advanced age, and high contrast volumes. Prevention strategies include adequate hydration, minimizing contrast volume, using iso-osmolar or low-osmolar contrast agents, and discontinuing nephrotoxic medications when possible.
Usage
Usage note: Include specific creatinine values and timeline when documenting suspected CIN.
In Context
- "Pre-procedure hydration was initiated to reduce the risk of contrast-induced nephropathy." — Pre-procedural note
- "The patient's creatinine rose from 1.2 to 1.8 mg/dL, consistent with contrast-induced nephropathy." — Post-procedure follow-up