cannulation
Pronunciation: can-yuh-LAY-shun
The placement of tubes (cannulas) into blood vessels or cardiac chambers to establish cardiopulmonary bypass or provide vascular access.
Full Definition
Cannulation in cardiac surgery involves the strategic placement of large-bore tubes to establish extracorporeal circulation during cardiopulmonary bypass. Arterial cannulation typically involves the ascending aorta or peripheral arteries, while venous cannulation may involve the right atrium, vena cavae, or peripheral veins. Proper cannula positioning is critical for adequate flow rates and prevention of complications such as dissection, embolism, or inadequate drainage. Alternative cannulation strategies may be required in redo operations, emergency situations, or when standard approaches are contraindicated. The cannulation strategy significantly impacts the conduct and safety of the cardiac procedure.
Usage
Usage note: Distinguish from general vascular access; specify arterial vs. venous when relevant.
In Context
- "Aortic cannulation was performed in the distal ascending aorta with a 24-French arterial cannula." — Operative report
- "Peripheral cannulation via the femoral vessels was chosen due to severe chest adhesions." — Surgical technique description