Diastolic Dysfunction
Impaired ventricular relaxation and filling during diastole, often with preserved systolic function.
Full Definition
Diastolic dysfunction refers to abnormal ventricular relaxation, filling, or distensibility during diastole, resulting in elevated filling pressures even when systolic function appears normal. This condition is characterized by impaired active relaxation during early diastole and increased chamber stiffness during late diastole. Diastolic dysfunction can progress from asymptomatic abnormalities to symptomatic heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). Assessment involves echocardiographic evaluation of mitral inflow patterns, tissue Doppler imaging, and pulmonary venous flow analysis. In cardiac surgery, recognition of diastolic dysfunction is important for perioperative management and may influence surgical decision-making, particularly in valve surgery where preservation of ventricular function is paramount.
Usage
Usage note: Grade the severity (I-III) when documenting echocardiographic findings.
In Context
- "Preoperative echocardiography revealed grade II diastolic dysfunction with elevated left atrial pressures despite normal ejection fraction." — Preoperative assessment
- "The patient's symptoms were attributed to diastolic dysfunction rather than valve disease, influencing the surgical approach." — Cardiology consultation