ECMO
Pronunciation: ECK-moh
Also written as: ECMO — extracorporeal membrane oxygenation
Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation providing temporary cardiac and pulmonary support.
Full Definition
Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) is a life-support technique that provides prolonged cardiac and respiratory support by circulating blood through an artificial lung outside the body. In cardiac surgery, ECMO may be used for patients who cannot be weaned from cardiopulmonary bypass or who develop severe heart failure post-operatively. The system requires specialized cannulation, continuous monitoring, and carries significant risks including bleeding and thrombosis.
Usage
Usage note: Always capitalized. Distinguish from other mechanical support devices like IABP or VAD.
In Context
- "The patient was placed on veno-arterial ECMO for post-operative cardiogenic shock." — ICU progress note
- "ECMO weaning trials began on post-operative day 3." — Daily rounds note