pericardial effusion

Full Definition

Pericardial effusion refers to the abnormal accumulation of fluid within the pericardial space, the potential space between the visceral and parietal layers of the pericardium. In cardiac surgery, this can occur as a postoperative complication or may be present preoperatively in certain conditions. The fluid can be serous, bloody, purulent, or chylous depending on the underlying cause. Large effusions can compromise cardiac filling and lead to cardiac tamponade, requiring urgent intervention such as pericardiocentesis or surgical drainage.

Usage

Usage note: Distinguish from pericarditis (inflammation) and ensure correct spelling of 'pericardial' not 'pericardeal'.

In Context

• "Postoperative echocardiography revealed a moderate pericardial effusion without hemodynamic compromise." — Progress note
• "The patient developed a large pericardial effusion requiring urgent pericardiocentesis." — Emergency consultation