sternotomy

Full Definition

A sternotomy is the standard surgical approach for most cardiac procedures, involving a vertical incision through the sternum (breastbone) from the sternal notch to the xiphoid process. The sternum is then divided using an oscillating saw and retracted to provide wide exposure of the mediastinal contents. Median sternotomy offers excellent visualization of cardiac structures and great vessels while allowing for rapid access in emergency situations. Closure involves rewiring the sternum with heavy steel wires and suturing the overlying tissues in layers.

Usage

Usage note: Distinguish from thoracotomy, which involves opening the chest cavity between ribs.

In Context

• "Access was gained through a standard median sternotomy." — Operative report
• "The sternotomy was closed with interrupted wire sutures." — Procedure note