chronic total occlusion
Also written as: CTO — Chronic Total Occlusion
A completely blocked coronary artery that has been occluded for more than three months.
Full Definition
A chronic total occlusion (CTO) is defined as a complete coronary artery occlusion with zero antegrade flow (TIMI 0) that has been present for at least three months based on clinical history, prior angiography, or electrocardiographic evidence. CTO PCI is among the most technically challenging procedures in interventional cardiology, often requiring specialized techniques such as retrograde approach, subintimal tracking, and re-entry devices. Successful CTO revascularization can improve symptoms, left ventricular function, and potentially survival in selected patients.
Usage
Usage note: The three-month duration criterion is critical for proper classification.
In Context
- "The patient was referred for chronic total occlusion PCI of the right coronary artery." — Referral letter
- "Chronic total occlusion revascularization requires specialized expertise and dedicated equipment." — Training manual