coronary perforation
Iatrogenic full-thickness disruption of the coronary artery wall during catheter-based intervention.
Full Definition
A serious procedural complication characterized by a through-and-through tear in the coronary artery wall, creating communication between the vessel lumen and surrounding structures. Coronary perforations are classified by severity using the Ellis classification system, ranging from extraluminal crater formation to frank streaming of contrast into the cardiac chambers or pericardium. Risk factors include vessel calcification, chronic total occlusions, oversized equipment, and aggressive techniques. Management depends on perforation severity and may include prolonged balloon inflation, covered stent placement, or emergency surgical intervention.
Usage
Usage note: Specify Ellis classification grade when documenting severity.
In Context
- "Emergency pericardiocentesis was performed following Ellis Class III coronary perforation." — Adverse event report
- "The risk of coronary perforation increases with rotational atherectomy in heavily calcified lesions." — Training manual