DPP-4 inhibitor
Also written as: DPP-4 — Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor
A class of oral antidiabetic medications that enhance incretin hormone activity by blocking the enzyme responsible for their degradation.
Full Definition
Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors are oral glucose-lowering medications that work by inhibiting the enzyme DPP-4, which normally degrades incretin hormones like GLP-1 and GIP. By preventing this degradation, DPP-4 inhibitors prolong the action of endogenous incretins, leading to glucose-dependent insulin secretion and glucagon suppression. These medications are weight-neutral and have a low risk of hypoglycemia, making them valuable options in type 2 diabetes management. Common examples include sitagliptin, saxagliptin, and linagliptin. They are often used as second-line therapy or in combination with other antidiabetic agents.
Usage
Usage note: Hyphenate when used as an adjective. Do not confuse with DPP-4 agonist (incorrect term).
In Context
- "The patient was started on a DPP-4 inhibitor to improve glycemic control without weight gain." — Clinical case report
- "DPP-4 inhibitors offer a well-tolerated option for elderly patients with type 2 diabetes." — Treatment guideline