Intermediate
Technical
IVT
insulin resistance
Reduced cellular response to insulin, leading to impaired glucose uptake and metabolism.
Full Definition
Insulin resistance is a metabolic condition characterized by diminished sensitivity of target tissues to insulin, requiring higher levels of the hormone to achieve normal glucose homeostasis. This pathophysiological state is central to the development of type 2 diabetes, metabolic syndrome, and cardiovascular disease. Insulin resistance typically affects muscle, liver, and adipose tissue, leading to compensatory hyperinsulinemia and eventual beta-cell dysfunction. It is often associated with obesity, physical inactivity, and genetic predisposition.
Usage
Usage note: Hyphenate when used as an adjective: 'insulin-resistant patients'.
In Context
- "Progressive insulin resistance often precedes the development of overt type 2 diabetes by several years." — Pathophysiology review
- "Metformin improves insulin resistance primarily through hepatic glucose suppression." — Pharmacology report
Also known as
decreased insulin sensitivity
Contrasted with
insulin sensitivity
Don't confuse with
insulin deficiency
insulin intolerance