Somogyi effect
Pronunciation: soh-MOH-jee
Rebound hyperglycemia following nocturnal hypoglycemia, caused by counter-regulatory hormone response to low blood sugar.
Full Definition
The Somogyi effect, also known as rebound hyperglycemia, describes the phenomenon where blood glucose levels rise significantly following an episode of hypoglycemia, particularly during nighttime hours. Named after Michael Somogyi, this physiological response occurs when counter-regulatory hormones such as epinephrine, cortisol, glucagon, and growth hormone are released in response to low blood glucose, subsequently causing excessive glucose production and release. In diabetes management, the Somogyi effect can be mistaken for inadequate insulin coverage, leading to inappropriate dose increases that may worsen the cycle. Continuous glucose monitoring is essential for distinguishing this from the dawn phenomenon.
Usage
Usage note: Capitalize 'Somogyi' as it is a proper noun; effect remains lowercase.
In Context
- "The Somogyi effect was suspected when fasting glucose remained elevated despite increased bedtime insulin doses." — Diabetes case review
- "CGM data revealed nocturnal hypoglycemia followed by morning hyperglycemia consistent with Somogyi effect." — Endocrinology progress note