Norwood procedure
Complex three-stage surgical approach for treating hypoplastic left heart syndrome in neonates.
Full Definition
The Norwood procedure is a staged surgical strategy designed to treat hypoplastic left heart syndrome (HLHS), a congenital heart defect where the left ventricle is severely underdeveloped. The procedure consists of three stages: Stage I (Norwood) performed in the neonatal period creates a systemic circulation using the right ventricle, Stage II (bidirectional Glenn) at 4-6 months establishes superior vena cava to pulmonary artery connection, and Stage III (Fontan completion) at 2-4 years completes the single-ventricle palliation. Each stage requires specialized anesthetic management with attention to the balance between systemic and pulmonary circulations.
Usage
Usage note: Named after Dr. William Norwood; capitalize as proper noun.
In Context
- "The neonate was scheduled for Stage I Norwood procedure with careful attention to systemic-to-pulmonary artery shunt management." — Pediatric cardiac surgery schedule
- "Anesthetic goals for the Norwood procedure include maintaining balanced circulation and avoiding excessive pulmonary blood flow." — Anesthesia care plan