thoracic outlet syndrome
Compression of nerves or blood vessels in the thoracic outlet between the neck and armpit.
Full Definition
Thoracic outlet syndrome (TOS) encompasses a group of conditions caused by compression of neurovascular structures (brachial plexus, subclavian artery, or subclavian vein) in the thoracic outlet region between the scalene muscles, first rib, and clavicle. Three types exist: neurogenic TOS (most common, affecting brachial plexus), venous TOS (affecting subclavian vein), and arterial TOS (affecting subclavian artery). Surgical treatment may involve first rib resection, scalenectomy, or cervical rib removal through supraclavicular, infraclavicular, or transaxillary approaches. The condition requires careful diagnosis as symptoms can mimic other neurological or vascular disorders.
Usage
Usage note: Specify type (neurogenic, venous, or arterial) when documenting diagnosis.
In Context
- "The patient underwent first rib resection for refractory neurogenic thoracic outlet syndrome." — Discharge summary