restenosis
Re-narrowing of a previously treated coronary artery segment, typically occurring after angioplasty or stent placement.
Full Definition
Restenosis is the pathological process of arterial re-narrowing that occurs at the site of previous percutaneous coronary intervention. It results from excessive neointimal hyperplasia in response to arterial injury during balloon angioplasty or stent implantation. In-stent restenosis specifically refers to narrowing within a previously placed stent and can be classified as focal, diffuse, proliferative, or totally occlusive. The introduction of drug-eluting stents has significantly reduced restenosis rates compared to bare metal stents by inhibiting smooth muscle cell proliferation.
Usage
Usage note: Distinguish from stent thrombosis (acute occlusion) and progression of native disease in untreated segments.
In Context
- "Angiography revealed 70% in-stent restenosis in the previously treated proximal LAD segment." — Cardiac catheterization report
- "The patient's recurrent angina was attributed to focal restenosis at the stent edges." — Interventional cardiology note