pulmonary vein isolation
An electrophysiology procedure to electrically isolate pulmonary veins from the left atrium to treat atrial fibrillation.
Full Definition
Pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) is a catheter-based ablation procedure designed to treat atrial fibrillation by creating scar tissue around the pulmonary vein ostia to block abnormal electrical signals. The procedure uses radiofrequency energy or cryoablation to create circumferential lesions that electrically isolate the pulmonary veins from the left atrial myocardium. PVI is considered first-line therapy for symptomatic paroxysmal atrial fibrillation in patients who have failed antiarrhythmic drug therapy. Success rates vary but can exceed 70-80% for paroxysmal AF. The procedure requires specialized electrophysiology expertise and carries risks including pulmonary vein stenosis, phrenic nerve injury, and rare but serious complications such as atrio-esophageal fistula.
Usage
Usage note: Distinguish from other ablation procedures; always specify energy source used (RF vs. cryo).
In Context
- "The patient underwent successful pulmonary vein isolation with complete electrical isolation of all four veins." — Electrophysiology procedure report
- "Follow-up imaging showed no evidence of pulmonary vein stenosis post-PVI." — Post-procedure imaging report