calcific aortic valve disease
Progressive calcification and stenosis of the aortic valve, typically affecting tricuspid valves in elderly patients.
Full Definition
Calcific aortic valve disease is a progressive condition characterized by calcification of the aortic valve leaflets, leading to stenosis and potential regurgitation. The disease process involves active calcification similar to bone formation, with inflammatory infiltrates, lipid deposition, and calcium phosphate crystal formation. In tricuspid aortic valves, calcification typically occurs at the base of the cusps, while in bicuspid valves, it may be more extensive and occur at younger ages. Histologically, the valve shows fibrosis, chronic inflammation, neovascularization, and dystrophic calcification. The condition progresses from sclerosis without hemodynamic significance to severe stenosis requiring valve replacement.
Usage
Usage note: Prefer 'calcific' over 'calcified' when describing the active disease process.
In Context
- "The explanted valve showed severe calcific aortic valve disease with extensive calcium deposition at the leaflet bases." — Surgical pathology report
- "Von Kossa staining highlighted the extensive calcium deposits characteristic of advanced calcific aortic valve disease." — Special stains report