epicardial adipose tissue
Also written as: EAT — epicardial adipose tissue
Visceral adipose tissue located between the myocardium and visceral pericardium, metabolically active and associated with cardiovascular risk.
Full Definition
Epicardial adipose tissue refers to the visceral adipose tissue depot located between the myocardium and the visceral layer of the pericardium, distinguished from paracardial fat which lies outside the parietal pericardium. This tissue is metabolically active and shares the same microcirculation as the underlying myocardium, lacking fascial separation. Increased epicardial adipose tissue has been associated with coronary artery disease, atrial fibrillation, and metabolic syndrome. In pathologic specimens, the amount and distribution of epicardial fat can provide insights into cardiovascular risk factors and may show inflammatory changes in various cardiac conditions. The tissue appears as yellow, lobulated fat directly adherent to the cardiac surface.
Usage
Usage note: Distinguish from paracardial fat which lies outside the pericardial sac.
In Context
- "There was marked increase in epicardial adipose tissue overlying the right atrium and ventricle." — Autopsy cardiac description
- "Microscopic examination of the epicardial adipose tissue revealed chronic inflammatory infiltrates." — Research cardiac pathology