Myocyte vacuolization
Pronunciation: MY-oh-site vak-you-oh-ly-ZAY-shun
Formation of clear, empty spaces within cardiac muscle cell cytoplasm, indicating cellular injury or metabolic disturbance.
Full Definition
Myocyte vacuolization refers to the pathological formation of clear, round to oval spaces within the cytoplasm of cardiac myocytes, representing various forms of cellular injury or dysfunction. These vacuoles can result from multiple causes including ischemia, drug toxicity, metabolic disorders, or infectious agents. The vacuoles may contain fluid, lipid, or other cellular debris, and their presence indicates significant myocyte stress or damage. Histologically, vacuolization appears as clear spaces that displace normal cellular organelles and myofibrils. The pattern, distribution, and associated findings help determine the underlying cause. Severe vacuolization can lead to myocyte death and replacement fibrosis, contributing to cardiac dysfunction.
Usage
Usage note: Use 'vacuolization' rather than 'vacuolisation' in North American contexts. Describe pattern and distribution.
In Context
- "Extensive myocyte vacuolization was present in the subendocardial region, suggesting ischemic injury." — Cardiac autopsy findings
- "The degree of myocyte vacuolization correlated with the duration of drug exposure." — Toxicologic pathology report