myocytolysis
Pronunciation: MY-oh-sy-TOL-ih-sis
Dissolution or loss of myocardial contractile proteins without cell death, often reversible and associated with various cardiac stresses.
Full Definition
Myocytolysis represents a form of reversible myocardial injury characterized by the loss or dissolution of contractile proteins (myosin and actin) from cardiomyocytes without associated cell death. This process results in empty-appearing cytoplasm with preserved cell membranes and nuclei, distinguishing it from necrosis. Myocytolysis can occur in various settings including catecholamine excess, metabolic stress, hypoxemia, and certain toxicities. The condition is potentially reversible if the underlying stress is removed, making it an important diagnostic consideration in cardiovascular pathology as it represents a different pathophysiologic mechanism than irreversible myocardial necrosis.
Usage
Usage note: Emphasize the reversible nature when contrasting with irreversible necrosis.
In Context
- "Areas of myocytolysis were identified in the cardiac apex, consistent with stress-related cardiomyopathy." — Endomyocardial biopsy report
- "The absence of inflammatory infiltrate and the pattern of myocytolysis suggested a catecholamine-mediated injury." — Sudden death autopsy