nodular calcific aortic stenosis
Age-related degenerative aortic valve disease characterized by calcific nodules on valve cusps without commissural fusion.
Full Definition
Nodular calcific aortic stenosis, also known as senile calcific aortic stenosis, represents the most common cause of aortic stenosis in elderly patients in developed countries. This degenerative process is characterized by the deposition of calcium phosphate nodules on the aortic surfaces of the valve cusps, typically beginning in the areas of maximal mechanical stress. Unlike rheumatic disease, the commissures remain unfused and the cusps retain some mobility, though progressively restricted by the calcific deposits. The pathogenesis involves chronic mechanical stress leading to cusp injury, inflammation, and dystrophic calcification. Grossly, the valve shows irregular, hard, calcific nodules that may extend into the cusps and eventually restrict opening.
Usage
Usage note: Emphasize lack of commissural fusion to distinguish from rheumatic etiology.
In Context
- "The explanted aortic valve showed severe nodular calcific aortic stenosis with marked restriction of cusp mobility." — Valve replacement specimen
- "Pathologic examination confirmed nodular calcific aortic stenosis without evidence of rheumatic changes." — Cardiac pathology consultation