balloon angioplasty
Percutaneous technique using balloon inflation to compress atherosclerotic plaque and restore coronary flow.
Full Definition
Balloon angioplasty, also known as percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA), is an interventional procedure that uses balloon inflation within a stenotic coronary artery to compress atherosclerotic plaque against the vessel wall and restore luminal patency. The technique involves advancing a deflated balloon catheter across the stenotic lesion under fluoroscopic guidance, followed by balloon inflation at predetermined pressure and duration. Modern balloon angioplasty often serves as preparation for stent deployment rather than standalone therapy due to higher restenosis rates with balloon-only procedures. Specialized balloon types include cutting balloons, drug-coated balloons, and high-pressure non-compliant balloons for specific clinical scenarios.
Usage
Usage note: Often used as preparation for stent placement rather than definitive therapy
In Context
- "Balloon angioplasty was performed with a 3.0 mm balloon inflated to 12 atmospheres." — Procedure note
- "Pre-dilation with balloon angioplasty facilitated optimal stent expansion." — Intervention report