contrast nephropathy
Acute kidney injury following intravascular contrast media administration during cardiac procedures.
Full Definition
Contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) is an acute deterioration in renal function occurring within 48-72 hours following intravascular administration of iodinated contrast media during cardiac catheterization or CT angiography. The condition is defined as an absolute increase in serum creatinine ≥0.5 mg/dL or relative increase ≥25% from baseline. Risk factors include pre-existing chronic kidney disease, diabetes mellitus, advanced age, dehydration, and high contrast volume. Prevention strategies include adequate hydration, use of iso-osmolar or low-osmolar contrast agents, minimizing contrast volume, and consideration of alternative imaging modalities in high-risk patients. Most cases are reversible, but severe CIN may require dialysis.
Usage
Usage note: Distinguish from other causes of post-procedural acute kidney injury
In Context
- "Prophylactic hydration was initiated to minimize contrast nephropathy risk." — Pre-procedure planning
- "Post-procedural creatinine elevation suggested possible contrast nephropathy." — Follow-up assessment