ventricular aneurysm
Localized outpouching of the ventricular wall, typically following myocardial infarction, that may require surgical resection or reconstruction.
Full Definition
A pathological bulging or outpouching of the ventricular wall, most commonly affecting the left ventricle following transmural myocardial infarction. True ventricular aneurysms consist of scarred, thin myocardial tissue that becomes dyskinetic (moves paradoxically outward during systole), reducing effective stroke volume and potentially harboring thrombus. Unlike pseudoaneurysms (which result from contained rupture), true aneurysms have all layers of the ventricular wall intact but severely thinned and fibrotic. Surgical indications include heart failure symptoms, ventricular arrhythmias, systemic embolization from mural thrombus, or large size with significant functional impairment. Surgical options include aneurysmectomy (simple resection) or ventricular reconstruction techniques such as the Dor procedure, which aims to restore normal ventricular geometry. The location, size, and remaining viable myocardium influence the surgical approach and outcomes.
Usage
Usage note: Distinguish between true aneurysm and pseudoaneurysm in documentation; specify location and size.
In Context
- "A large anterior ventricular aneurysm was resected using the Dor reconstruction technique." — operative report
- "The apical ventricular aneurysm contained organized thrombus requiring complete removal." — surgical findings