selective mutism
A consistent failure to speak in specific social situations where speaking is expected, despite speaking in other situations.
Full Definition
Selective mutism is an anxiety disorder characterized by a consistent failure to speak in specific social situations where there is an expectation for speaking, such as at school, despite speaking in other situations, such as at home with close family members. The condition typically begins in early childhood and can significantly interfere with educational or occupational achievement or social communication. Children with selective mutism often have underlying social anxiety and may use nonverbal communication such as nodding, pointing, or writing. Treatment typically involves gradual exposure therapy and anxiety management techniques.
Usage
Usage note: Previously called 'elective mutism'; current term better reflects the involuntary nature of the condition.
In Context
- "The child's selective mutism has persisted for two years, significantly impacting academic participation." — Educational assessment
- "Treatment for selective mutism requires coordination between therapists, teachers, and family members." — Treatment planning meeting