hypotonia
Pronunciation: /haɪpəˈtoʊniə/
Decreased muscle tone or tension, often presenting as floppiness or reduced resistance to passive movement in infants and children.
Full Definition
Hypotonia refers to diminished muscle tone that can affect infants and children, manifesting as reduced muscle tension, delayed motor milestones, and difficulty maintaining posture. This condition can be central (neurological) or peripheral (muscular) in origin and may be associated with various genetic syndromes, metabolic disorders, or neurological conditions. Early identification is crucial as hypotonia can impact feeding, breathing, and motor development. Assessment typically involves physical examination, family history, and may require genetic testing or neurological evaluation.
Usage
Usage note: Distinguish from general weakness; hypotonia specifically refers to muscle tone, not strength.
In Context
- "The infant presented with significant hypotonia and feeding difficulties at the 2-month visit." — Clinical assessment
- "Physical therapy was initiated to address the child's hypotonia and support motor development." — Treatment plan