sensory processing disorder
A condition affecting how the nervous system receives and responds to sensory information, impacting daily functioning and behavior.
Full Definition
Sensory processing disorder (SPD) is a neurological condition that occurs when the central nervous system has difficulty receiving, processing, or responding to sensory information from the environment and the body. Children with SPD may be oversensitive (hypersensitive) or undersensitive (hyposensitive) to sensory input including touch, sound, light, taste, smell, movement, and body awareness. This can manifest as sensory seeking behaviors, sensory avoiding behaviors, or sensory modulation difficulties that significantly impact daily activities, social interactions, and academic performance. While not recognized as a distinct diagnosis in the DSM-5, SPD is commonly addressed through occupational therapy interventions and sensory integration techniques.
Usage
Usage note: Note that SPD is not a formal DSM-5 diagnosis but is clinically recognized and treated.
In Context
- "The child's sensory processing disorder requires environmental modifications and occupational therapy support in the classroom." — school accommodation letter
- "Sensory processing disorder should be considered in children with unexplained behavioral difficulties during routine activities." — clinical assessment guideline