breakthrough seizure
A seizure that occurs despite therapeutic levels of antiepileptic medications, indicating possible treatment failure or external triggers.
Full Definition
A breakthrough seizure is defined as the occurrence of seizures in a patient who has been seizure-free on antiepileptic medication, typically implying that the seizure occurred despite adequate drug levels. These seizures may indicate true medication failure, non-compliance, drug interactions, illness, sleep deprivation, or other precipitating factors. In pediatric patients, breakthrough seizures often prompt medication level checks, review of recent stressors, and consideration of dosage adjustments or alternative therapies. The term helps distinguish true treatment failure from seizures due to external factors.
Usage
Usage note: Document medication compliance, recent drug levels, and potential precipitating factors.
In Context
- "The patient experienced a breakthrough seizure despite therapeutic carbamazepine levels." — Emergency department note
- "Recent viral illness may have precipitated the breakthrough seizure episode." — Follow-up clinic visit