hippocampal sclerosis
Pronunciation: hip-po-CAM-pal skler-OH-sis
Scarring and cell loss in the hippocampus, commonly associated with temporal lobe epilepsy in children and adults.
Full Definition
Hippocampal sclerosis is characterized by neuronal loss and gliosis primarily affecting the CA1 and CA3 regions of the hippocampus. In pediatric patients, it may result from prolonged febrile seizures, head trauma, or infections during critical developmental periods. The condition is a common cause of temporal lobe epilepsy and may be associated with memory difficulties. MRI shows characteristic T2 hyperintensity and volume loss of the hippocampus. Surgical resection may be considered in medication-resistant cases.
Usage
Usage note: Specify unilateral vs bilateral involvement and relationship to seizure onset zone.
In Context
- "MRI demonstrated left hippocampal sclerosis with associated volume loss." — Epilepsy surgery evaluation
- "The patient's memory impairment correlated with bilateral hippocampal sclerosis." — Neuropsychological assessment