hydrocephalus
Pronunciation: hahy-droh-SEF-uh-lus
A condition characterized by an abnormal accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid within the brain's ventricular system.
Full Definition
Hydrocephalus is a neurological condition involving the buildup of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in the brain's ventricles, leading to increased intracranial pressure. In children, this can result from overproduction of CSF, obstruction of CSF flow, or inadequate absorption of CSF. Congenital hydrocephalus may be present at birth, while acquired hydrocephalus can develop due to infection, hemorrhage, tumors, or trauma. Symptoms may include rapid head growth in infants, developmental delays, irritability, and signs of increased intracranial pressure requiring neurosurgical intervention.
Usage
Usage note: Specify type (communicating vs. non-communicating) and etiology when known.
In Context
- "Serial imaging demonstrated progressive ventricular dilation consistent with communicating hydrocephalus requiring ventriculoperitoneal shunt placement." — Pediatric neurosurgery consultation