infantile hypotonia
Decreased muscle tone in infants, presenting as floppiness or reduced resistance to passive movement, often called 'floppy baby syndrome.'
Full Definition
Infantile hypotonia refers to decreased muscle tone in infants and young children, characterized by reduced resistance to passive movement and a 'floppy' appearance. This condition can result from central nervous system disorders, peripheral nerve problems, muscle diseases, or systemic conditions. In child neurology, hypotonia evaluation requires systematic investigation including detailed history, physical examination, genetic testing, and often electromyography and muscle biopsy. Early recognition is crucial as hypotonia can significantly impact motor development, feeding, and respiratory function. The underlying cause determines prognosis and treatment approaches.
Usage
Usage note: Distinguish between central and peripheral causes when documenting hypotonia and include associated clinical findings.
In Context
- "The neonate presented with severe infantile hypotonia requiring immediate respiratory support." — Emergency assessment
- "Genetic testing identified the underlying cause of the infant's persistent hypotonia." — Diagnostic workup