myasthenia gravis
Pronunciation: my-as-THEE-nee-uh GRAV-is
Autoimmune neuromuscular disorder causing fluctuating muscle weakness and fatigue.
Full Definition
Myasthenia gravis is a chronic autoimmune neuromuscular disorder characterized by fluctuating weakness and fatigability of voluntary muscles. The condition results from antibodies blocking acetylcholine receptors at the neuromuscular junction, preventing proper muscle contraction. Symptoms typically worsen with activity and improve with rest. Common presentations include ptosis (drooping eyelids), diplopia (double vision), difficulty swallowing, and limb weakness. The disease can affect patients of any age but has bimodal distribution, affecting young women and older men more frequently. Diagnosis is confirmed through specialized testing including antibody levels and electrophysiology.
Usage
Usage note: Latin term meaning 'grave muscle weakness'; always written as two words.
In Context
- "The patient's myasthenia gravis responded well to pyridostigmine therapy." — treatment plan
- "Acetylcholine receptor antibodies confirmed the diagnosis of myasthenia gravis." — laboratory results